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Research in the area of criminal profiling has been largely preoccupied with the development of offender taxonomies and principles relevant to the profiling of violent crimes. Seemingly overlooked, however, has been any systematic and empirically based examination of the components and processes involved in the construction of a criminal profile. Although it is commonly believed that criminal profiling involves intensive expert analysis of investigative case material, the literature in the field has failed to examine how differing forms of case material may affect this analysis and thus the construction of a criminal profile. For example, how much and what types of information are needed for the proficient (i.e., accurate) construction of a criminal profile? Additionally, systematic consideration of the cognitive functions involved in the assessment of case materials for the construction of a criminal profile has largely escaped study. One of the fundamental purposes of a cr...

A basic explanation of the statistical tool of MDS and how it is used to analyze and display patterns inherent to crime behaviors. This was followed by an explanation of the relationships between crime behaviors and offender characteristics and how these relationships are displayed by the use of large arrows. The integration of these two types of analysis, that is, the superimposition of the arrows on top of the MDS diagram, form the basis of a CAP model . The objective of the remainder of this chapter will be to explain in generic terms how these models can be systematically interpreted and thus used as a guide for the development of a criminal profile. the general design of the three CAP models should be clearly understood that each model consists of four separate diagrams. The basis to all four diagrams in each of the CAP models is the MDS analysis of crime behaviors for the studied offense modality (i.e., sexual murder, serial rape, or serial arson). What differs across the fo...

It was the best of times, it was the worst of times. On the one hand, the Tokugawa period witnessed a remarkable economic transformation, perhaps best evidenced in the growth of the three major cities of Edo, Kyoto, and Osaka, not only in terms of population but in the number and scale of commercial and manufacturing enterprises. The transformation was no less pronounced in the countryside, where growing production for the market engendered the rise of a class of wealthy farmers, significant interregional trade, and a mushrooming of local and regional markets. On the other hand, the Tokugawa economy was at times remarkably volatile and unstable. Fortunes were lost as quickly as they were made, famines interrupted periods of growth and devastated the lives of countless farmers, and large numbers of rural dwellers found themselves forced to sell their lands and to earn their livelihoods through the sale of their own and their family labor. The Tokugawa economy defies easy explanati...