Posty

From Right to Left it Had No End: Clusters

Obraz
  SSA is also appropriate to many psychological studies, as psychological hypotheses are usually about the relative associations between entities rather than their absolute differences. The resulting SSA geometric representation is thus often more amenable to direct interpretation in relation to a set of hypotheses than procedures using metric algorithms or specific, externally defined axes. Another advantage that SSA has over other procedures is that SSA only takes into account the positive co-occurrence between variables. For example, if two variables are both absent from the records, this will not increase the association. As such, SSA is deemed to be the appropriate statistical procedure to measure the association for data drawn from police records, because it is not known whether absent information was recorded.   The general hypotheses central to this research are: 1. Serial murderers will display certain crime scene behaviors that they share in common; 2. There ...

From Right to Left it Had No End: Meat-and-Potatoes Police Work!

Obraz
  While some aspects of police work have been studied in depth — for example, police decision making in connection with an arrest — very little is known about the way in which detectives work toward identifying suspects in serial murder investigations. In order for the classification of serial murderers to be more than educated guess work, conclusions must be based on empirical research of consistencies in criminal behavior, and the relationship of those actions to aspects of an offender that are available to the police in an investigation.   A serial murder, whether committed for sexual sadistic purposes or revenge, is just a label for what is, in fact, quite complex behavior. However, this label tells us little about the individual who carries out that behavior. For example, current models of serial murderers are embedded with demographic statistics, offender self-reports, and offense descriptions mixed in an intuitive manner to create groups that conform to the researchers’...

From Right to Left it Had No End: 'Cat-O'Nine-Tails'

Obraz
    Regrettably, abuse of human rights is so widespread on a global scale that some reference must now be made in forensic pathology examiantion as the physical manifestations of torture. It is stated by Amnesty International (2001) that in a third of the member states of the United Nations torture of one kind or another is practised, in spite of them being signatories to United Nations resolutions banning these atrocities. According to Amnesty International's worldwide report on torture based on a 3-year investigation (2OOO), currently more than 150 countries routinely torture people compared with 98 countries in their previous report in 1984. Although most torture does not result in death, there are - sufficient cases of physical abuse of human rights that progress to fatality that a number of organizations offer expertise when any alleged case needs to be investigated, usually calling upon forensic pathologists to assist them in such circumstances.   In many instances ...