Posty

Conduit

Obraz
Deaths caused by electrocution are infrequent and these are accidents, with suicides rare and homicides even rarer. These deaths involve both low voltage (<600 V) and high-voltage (>600–750 V) currents. They virtually always involve alternating currents. Humans are four to six times as sensitive to alternating currents as to direct. Alternating currents between 39 and 150 cycles per s have the greatest lethality. Amperage, or the amount of current flow, is the most important factor in electrocution. It is directly related to the voltage and inversely related to the resistance. Voltage is a measure of the electromotive force and ohms are the resistance to the conduction of electricity. This is expressed in the formula: A = V/R For electrocution from low-voltage (110–120 V) household current, there must be direct contact with the electrical circuit, with death primarily caused by ventricular fibrillation. In high-voltage accidents, direct contact with the wire is not necessary. As ...

Effects of Heat and Cold

Obraz
Hypothermia and hyperthermia are frequent causes of death by law and high temperatures, the ones out body cannot protect from and fight with. The limits of our body start and finish at certain levels. Hot Air Normal body temperature is generally considered to be 98.6 ° F (37 ° C) orally and approximately 1 ° F (0.6 ° C) higher rectally. Body temperature can vary from individual to individual, by age, time of day or physical exertion. Thus, newborns and the elderly have temperatures averaging 1 ° C higher. Cyclic changes in body temperature occur with decreases of 0.5 ° C early in the morning (approximately 1:00 to 2:00 a.m.) and slight elevations later in the morning and afternoon. Hard exercise can raise the rectal temperature up to 104 ° F.   Rectal temperatures of 39–40 ° C are common in marathoners after a race. Maintenance of normal body temperature is a delicate balance between heat load and heat loss. Heat load is the sum of heat generated by oxidation of metabolic products ...